Introduction
Algeria has a long and rich history that spans thousands of years. It was first settled by Phoenicians and Berbers, but in the first century B.C., it was conquered by the Romans. In the seventh century A.D., Arab invaders brought Islam to Algeria; they would rule until French colonial forces took control of the country in 1830. However, Algerian nationalism grew throughout this period with its residents fighting for independence from France until 1962 when they finally gained sovereignty as an independent state today
Algerian history is as long as the history of civilization itself.
The first recorded inhabitants of Algeria were the Berbers, who arrived sometime in the Neolithic era. They were followed by Phoenicians, who founded Carthage in present-day Tunisia; this city would become one of the most powerful cities in North Africa and influence many aspects of Algerian culture today.
The Romans arrived at what was then known as Numidia during their conquest of North Africa under Julius Caesar, who made his way down from Egypt through present-day Libya before crossing over into present-day Tunisia where he defeated king Juba I at Zama near modern-day Sfax (also spelled Sfaq). Afterward, he returned northward into what is now Algeria until he reached Hippo Regius (modern day Annaba) where he died after being stabbed by assassins hired by Marc Antony
The first recorded inhabitants were a people known as the Berbers.
The Berbers are an ancient people who have lived in North Africa for thousands of years, mixing Arab, European and African ancestry over time. They are believed to be descendants of some of the first humans who crossed into North Africa from Europe during prehistoric times.
The Phoenicians founded the city of Carthage in present-day Tunisia, which would become one of the most powerful cities in North Africa.
The Phoenicians were a Semitic people who lived in the Levant. They founded Carthage, one of the most powerful cities in North Africa, in 814 BC. The Phoenicians controlled trade in the Mediterranean Sea and their influence was felt across Europe and North Africa as they established colonies throughout these areas.
General Charles de Gaulle led French troops into Algeria and crushed the National Liberation Front (the FLN) forces at El Alamein in 1942.
The French were only able to maintain control of their colonies by using torture, mass executions and systematic rape against civilians who resisted their rule. The French military used chemical weapons against civilians during this period; an estimated 10-20% of Algerian men have been sterilized as a result of exposure to these weapons.
The Algerian War was a brutal conflict that ended with independence for Algeria and led to an exodus of 1 million European settlers from their homeland.
The war began in 1954 when France granted independence to Morocco and Tunisia, but refused to do so in Algeria because they wanted the oil reserves there. This refusal sparked protests and riots among the Algerian people, who were tired of being controlled by France after 132 years under their rule.
In 1962, France officially gave up its claim over Algeria but did not recognize it as an independent country until 1964–after nearly 8 years of fighting between French soldiers or “colons” (European settlers) on one side against nationalist guerrillas called FLN (Front de Liberation Nationale) on the other side.
Algeria has had many different rulers throughout its history, but its strategic location has made it a desirable location for empires throughout time
Algeria is located in North Africa, between Morocco and Tunisia. The country’s long coastline stretches from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean, making it easy for ships to travel through the Strait of Gibraltar or around Cape Bon (the northwestern tip of Africa). This proximity to Europe made it an ideal place for trade routes between Africa and Europe over many centuries–and this was just one factor that helped shape Algeria’s unique identity as we know it today.
The first known inhabitants of what would become modern-day Algeria were Phoenicians who settled there sometime around 1000 BC; they founded several cities along the coast including Hippo Regius (now Annaba), Tipasa (now Tipaza), Rusaddir (now Rustaqa) and Rusgunium (now Cherchell). Later civilizations included Carthaginians from what is now Tunisia who conquered parts of northern Algeria around 146 BC; Romans who took control over most areas south from Morocco through Tunisia until 9th century AD when Arabs invaded under their leader Abdallah ibn Yasin; then Berber tribes led by Mawlid ibn Youssef ibn Tachfin conquered most remaining territories except Oran province where Christians lived under Spanish rule until 1519 CE when Ottomans took control over all remaining lands westward into Libya
Conclusion
Algeria is a country rich with history, and it has been shaped by many different rulers over the centuries. Today, Algeria is known as a stable democracy in North Africa with an economy that’s growing faster than any other in the region.
